courts and procedure

Notice is the constitutional requirement that a party whose rights may be affected by a court proceeding must be informed of the action.

A notice of pendency (also known as a lis pendens) is a written notice of a judicial proceeding that affects the ownership of property. 

Notice pleading refers to pleading standards that merely notify the opposing party and court of the general issues in the case.

A nullity is something that is void and has no legal force or effect. It is treated in law as though it never existed.

Nullum crimen sine lege is Latin for "no crime without law." The phrase reflects the principle in criminal law and international criminal law that a person cannot or should not face criminal punishment except for an act that was criminalized by law before they performed the act.

• criminal law
• criminal procedure
• federal criminal prosecutiontrat

Nunc pro tunc is a Latin term meaning "now for then." Generally, this refers to an action taken by a court that applies retroactively to correct an earlier ruling.

O.S.C. is an abbreviation for order to show cause, a court order or the demand of a judge requiring a party to justify or explain why the court should or should not grant a motion or a relief.

Obiter dicta is the plural form of obiter dictum, which is Latin for “something said in passing.” The term describes comments, suggestions, or observations made by a judge in an opinion that are not necessary to resolve the case, and as such, are not legally binding on other

An objection is a formal protest raised by a party or counsel during a legal proceeding asserting that an error, contrary to the rules of evidence or other procedural law, has been or will be made.

Obstruction of justice broadly refers to actions by individuals that illegally prevent or influence the outcome of a government proceeding. While the quintessential example of obstruction of justice involves tampering in a judicial proceeding, there are numerous laws on obstruction of justice, covering all branches of government and targeting different kinds of obstruction.

• Obstruction of Justice
• OBSTRUCTION