Presumption is a legal inference that must be made in light of certain facts. For example, in the case of In Interest of Keiss, the Appellate Court of Illinois, Third District defined presumption as a legal inference; a party challenging it...
courts and procedure
pretrial
Pretrial, also called pretrial conference or pretrial review, is a hearing prior to trial, which all parties involved in the trial attempt to determine the issues, laws, or facts matter, before the court trial. It would be held when all...
pretrial lineup
Pretrial lineup is a procedure where police officers place an alleged criminal in a line with several other individuals to allow a witness or victim the opportunity to identify the alleged criminal. As noted by the U.S. Supreme Court in...
prima facie
Prima facie is a Latin term that translates to “at first sight” or “based on first impression.” The phrase “prima facie” is used as an adjective or an adverb. As an adjective, prima facie describes a fact or presumption that is sufficient to...
prima facie case
A prima facie case is when a party brings a lawsuit with sufficient evidence that it should go to trial or reach a judgment.
[Last updated in December of 2023 by the Wex Definitions Team]
primary liability
Primary liability refers to an obligation for which a party is directly responsible for.
Secondary liability, on the other hand, refers to an obligation that falls on another party if the directly responsible party fails to...
privacy
Overview:
There is a long and evolving history regarding the right to privacy in the United States. In the context of American jurisprudence, the Supreme Court first recognized the “right to privacy” in Griswold v. Connecticut (1965). Before...
privilege
In law, privilege refers to a special legal right, immunity, or exemption granted to a person.
In evidence, certain subject matter is privileged; meaning they cannot be inquired into in any way. Such privileged information...
privilege against self-incrimination
Privilege against self-incrimination is a privilege guaranteed by the Fifth Amendment of the United States Constitution. It bans a witness from being compelled to give testimony that is self-incriminating.
The Fifth...
privileged communication
Privileged communication is defined, by the Court of Claims of Ohio in Cincinnati Enquirer v. Hamilton County Board Of Commissioners, as a communication between a lawyer and client that would facilitate the attorney’s legal advice.
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