courts and procedure

pro hac vice

Pro hac vice is Law Latin that means “for this time [only]” (literally, “for this turn”). When a lawyer is admitted to a case pro hac vice, a court has granted them a limited license to practice in a jurisdiction where they otherwise would...

pro se

Pro se is Law Latin that means "for oneself." A litigant proceeds pro se when they choose to represent themselves in court, as opposed to litigating through a lawyer. See, e.g., Rivera v. Florida Department of Corrections, 526 U.S. 135 (1999...

probate

Probate is judicial proceeding by which a testamentary document is established to be a valid will.

Upon legal recognition being granted to the will or other document, a probate court will appoint an executor to administer...

probate court

A probate court is a court of limited jurisdiction that hears matters surrounding a person's death. Most frequently, probate courts oversee the distribution of decedent’s assets according to their wills or other testamentary documents and...

probative

Probative means tending to prove or establish proof.

In Barrow v. Village of New Miami, the Court of Appeals of Ohio, Twelfth District, Butler County noted that probative evidence is evidence that tends to prove the issue...

probative value

Probative value is the probability of evidence to reach its proof purpose of a relevant fact in issue. It is one of the main elements of admitting evidence, as the admitted evidence must be relevant, tending to make the fact in issue more...

procedendo

A procedendo is one of the six prerogative writs. A writ of procedendo is a directive from a superior court to an inferior court ordering the inferior court to resume consideration of a case when the superior court believes that the grounds...

procedural due process

The U.S. Constitution requires that federal and state governments abide by certain procedures to protect the essential interests of all citizens. The Fifth and the Fourteenth Amendments of the U.S. Constitution guarantee due process to all...

process server

Process servers are the people who are responsible for delivering court documents to parties, particularly the summons and complaint necessary to start a trial.

Process servers must follow specific rules regarding how...

proffer

A proffer is a mechanism to offer or present evidence at trial for immediate acceptance or rejection. In State v. Boyd, 25 P.3d 985, the court held that “proffer is a mechanism by which a party may create an appellate record of what the...

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