The three key federal statutes in Antitrust Law are Sherman Act Section 1, Sherman Act Section 2, and the Clayton Act.
The Per Se Rule v. the Rule of Reason:Violations under the Sherman Act take one of two forms -- either...
unfair competition
antitrust violations
Antitrust violations occur when an antitrust law is broken; laws protecting trade and commerce from abusive practices such as price-fixing, restraints, price discrimination, and monopolization. The three key federal statutes in Antitrust Law...
cartel
A cartel is a group of independent corporations or other entities that join together to fix prices, rig bids, allocate markets, or conduct other similar illegal activities. Cartel conduct is mainly subject to criminal penalties under United States...
Clayton Antitrust Act
The Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914, codified at 15 U.S.C. 12-27, is one of the primary pieces of antitrust legislation in the United States. This act was designed to bolster the Sherman antitrust Act and outlaws the following conduct:
...collusion
Collusion is when two or more parties secretly agree to defraud a third-party of their rights or accomplish an illegal purpose.
Collusion in Antitrust Law:Horizontal collusion exists where competitors at the same market...
collusive bidding
Collusive bidding refers to an agreement among two or more competitors to change the bids they otherwise would have offered absent the agreement. Where collusive bidding is well established, prices can rise substantially, in some cases by as...
conscious parallelism
Conscious parallelism refers to businesses changing their prices to reflect the prices of competitors within a market without colluding or communicating with competitors. Unlike price-fixing which involves conscious agreement between...
disgorgement
Disgorgement is a remedy requiring a party who profits from illegal or wrongful acts to give up any profits they made as a result of that illegal or wrongful conduct. The purpose of this remedy is to prevent unjust enrichment and make illegal...
economic espionage
Economic espionage is the unlawful or clandestine targeting or acquisition of sensitive financial, trade or economic policy information; proprietary economic information; or technological information.
The primary law against...
espionage
Espionage is the crime of spying or secretly watching a person, company, government, etc. for the purpose of gathering secret information or detecting wrongdoing, and to transfer such information to another organization or state. The act of...